Health and safety executive occupational lung disease leads to an estimated 12,000 deaths each year and 400,000 working days lost in great britain. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or copd, is a longlasting obstruction of the airways that occurs with chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or both. Early detection of occupational lung disease is often difficult, in part because in many cases, the latent period is long eg, 15years for chronic silicosis and over 30 years for some. Interstitial lung disease scarring of lungs interstitium also called pneumoconiosis, pulmonary fibrosis, restrictive lung disease classic workrelated lung diseases. These publications enable employers, workers and advisors to be educated, empowered and protected. The world surveillance report 2002 describes where these diseases are occurring by industry and geographic location, who is affected by race, gender, age, and occupation, how frequently they. Occupational lung diseases are occupational, or workrelated, lung conditions that have been caused or made worse by the materials a person is exposed to within the workplace. Highresolution ct is the optimal method of recognizing parenchymal abnormalities in occupational and environmental disease.
Occupational lung diseases health encyclopedia university. This list may not reflect recent changes learn more. The severity of the disease is related to the material inhaled and the intensity and duration of the. The harvard community has made this article openly available. The pneumoconioses, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, lung damage due to irritant gases, fumes, and smoke constitute the occupational lung diseases that affect the lung parenchyma. Interstitial lung disease questionnaire full text view. Pdf occupational lung diseases and the mining industry in. This obstruction of airflow is progressive in that it happens over time. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lung scarring of unknown cause lung cancer several other lung conditions chronic infection, collagen. Chronic bronchitis is defined as a chronic ongoing, longterm cough not caused by another condition that produces sputum mucus for 3 or more months during each of. Latent tb is when a person has the tb bacteria in their body but it is not growing. Jun 06, 2014 the world surveillance report 2002 describes where these diseases are occurring by industry and geographic location, who is affected by race, gender, age, and occupation, how frequently they occur, and temporal trends. Any person who is exposed to high levels of toxic substances or irritants like coal dust, silicon, asbestos, and barium, can be affected by acute or chronic lung diseases. Health and safety executive hse the aim of this document is to provide an overview of the latest statistical evidence about occupational lung disease in great britain.
Overview of environmental lung diseases lung and airway. Lung association state of lung disease in diverse communities. Occupational asthma may cause shortness of breath, tightness in the chest, wheezing, and coughing. These conditions can range from anything between sand and dust particles being kicked up when working with concrete or hvac services, to heavier issues of airborne particulates such as fullblown chemicals, metal particles, and in the case of. Interstitial lung disease questionnaire the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators.
Silicosis is a hazard in any occupation in which workers are exposed to silica dust, particularly rock. Occupational lung diseases what are workrelated lung diseases. Environmental lung diseases that make the lungs and airways narrow when a person breathes air that contains irritants and other substances called airway hyperreactivity may cause difficulty breathing that is sudden, wheezing, and, in people who have asthma or. Flock workers lung disease presents a useful paradigm for identifying new occupational causes of lung disease.
Recommended diagnostic and management algorithm for deploymentrelated sxs falvo et al. The sixth of a series, the workrelated lung disease world surveillance report 2002 provides information on various workrelated respiratory diseases and associated exposures in the united states. If lung disease is taking your breath, you do not have to deal with it alone. It includes a broad group of diseases, including occupational asthma, industrial bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd, bronchiolitis obliterans, inhalation injury, interstitial lung diseases such as. In short, occupational lung diseases are respiratory diseases that arise from workplace conditions. The following 66 pages are in this category, out of 66 total.
Smoking, infections, and genes cause most lung diseases. The workrelated lung disease surveillance report, 2002 cdcpdf pdf 14,693 kb. Smoking can increase both the severity of an occupational lung disease and the risk of lung cancer. Tuberculosis tb is a serious disease caused by breathing in a bacteria called mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is an unusual interstitial lung disease characterized by lymphocytic bronchiolitis and peribronchiolitis in workers exposed to flock fibers in manufacturing velvetlike fabrics, fuzzy greeting cards and wall papers, and automotive gaskets and glove box surfaces. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the u. Imaging of occupational and environmental lung diseases. Other lung disorders such as copd and lung cancer can result from workplace exposure. Interstitial lung disease 10 interstitial lung disease is a term that broadly describes a diverse collection of more than 200 lung disorders. Occupational lung diseases 4 this disease is characterized by diffuse pulmonary fibrosis and is directly precipitated by prolonged exposure to asbestos dust. The physician should consider the possibility of occupational exposure when. Mining production has accounted for around 50% of the gross industrial product in mongolia since 1998. Materials inhaled in the workplace can lead to all the major chronic lung diseases except those due to vascular disease.
It affects men, women, children, smokers, nonsmokers and individuals who have never smoked. Occupational lung disease is the number one cause of work related illness in. Lung diseases are some of the most common medical conditions in the world. Chest radiography and highresolution computed tomography are indispensable tools in the detection, classification and characterization of occupational lung diseases that are caused by inhaling mineral particles such as asbestos, siliconcontaining rock dust and other tissuedamaging antigens, nanomaterials and toxins. Control occupational lung diseases for some diseases there is no treatment other than improving the patients current health and preventing further exposure. Occupational and environmental lung disease is a vast topic. Occupational lung diseases occupational lung diseases are a broad group of diagnoses caused by the inhalation of dusts, chemicals, or proteins. People can have tb and not be sick, this is called latent tb. Depending on the specific disease, other compartments of the lung. Diagnosis an allergist, occupational medicine specialist, or a doctor who treats lung disease performs a thorough physical examination and takes a medical history that explores. Sometimes people show signs of allergy to dust at work, with symptoms of sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes. Occupational lung diseases are a broad group of pulmonary disorders that develop from inhalation of specific particles.
Interstitial lung disease american thoracic society. Tens of millions of people have lung disease in the u. The chest radiograph is the basic tool for identifying occupational and environmental lung diseases. This category has the following 8 subcategories, out of 8 total. Occupational lung diseases are a obama health care legislation pdf group of. Airborne hazards exposure and respiratory health of iraq and afghanistan veterans. Occupational asthma lung and airway disorders merck. Oct 09, 2014 occupational lung diseases radiology 1. These lung diseases may have lasting effects, even after the exposure ends. Common lung diseases overview and investigations see online here this article should provide an overview of the main type of diseases that a. Occupational lung disease refers to the branch of diseases, which include the respiratory problems a person suffers, as a result of hisher occupation. Guidelines about journal of lung diseases and treatment. Any person who is exposed to high levels of toxic substances or irritants like coal dust, silicon, asbestos, and. It includes a broad group of diseases, including occupational asthma, industrial bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd, bronchiolitis obliterans.
They are caused by longterm exposure to certain irritants that are breathed into the lungs. These diseases are classified together because they all affect the tissue and space around the alveoli air sacs, called the interstitium. Asbestosis represents perhaps the most serious of the occupational lung diseases at least in terms of the widespread potential for exposure. Some of the most common occupational lung diseases include asbestosis, silicosis, occupational asthma, mesothelioma, coal workers pneumoconiosis or black lung, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Respiratory disease respiratory disease occupational lung disease. Apr 23, 2016 asbestosrelated diseases benign pleural diseases 1. A complete copy of this toolkit is available in adobe portable document format pdf file size. Posterosuperior segment predilection of dust retention. Health and safety executive occupational lung disease. Workrelated lung diseases are lung problems that are made worse in certain work environments.
Emerging spectrum of deploymentrelated respiratory diseases. Here is a list of breathing disorders with information on symptoms, causes, treatment and disease. Respiratory disease occupational lung disease britannica. Historically, they have been a major cause of morbidity and mortality before workplace safety guidelines were rigorously established and enforced. Occupational lung diseases american thoracic society. Tb can also infect other parts of the body, including the kidneys, spine and brain. Pdf occupational lung diseases and the mining industry. Asbestosis parenchymal fibrosis caused by asbestos inhalation 2. Environmental lung diseases that make the lungs and airways narrow when a person breathes air that contains irritants and other substances called airway hyperreactivity may cause difficulty breathing that is sudden, wheezing, and, in people who have asthma or copd, attacks exacerbations of those disorders. Occupational and environmental lung disease request pdf.
The workrelated lung disease surveillance report, 2002. Wikimedia commons has media related to lung diseases and disorders. Silica dust produces a distinctive reaction in the lung that eventually leads to the development of masses of fibrous tissue and distinctive nodules of dense fibrosis, which, by contracting, distort and damage the lung. There are certain jobs that put workers at a higher risk for. Most occupational lung diseases are caused by repeated, longterm exposure, but even a severe, single exposure to a hazardous agent can damage the lungs. These allergy symptoms may be present for months or years before shortness of breath and other breathing symptoms develop. Dustinduced chronic bronchitis and pneumoconiosis currently account for the largest relative.
Since its inception, obtaining consistent reporting to the oldr has been an ongoing challenge and a. The new york state occupational lung disease registry oldr was established in 1981 to reduce morbidity and mortality due to exposure to respirable toxic materials in the work environment. The structure of this article follows the anatomic components predominantly affected by noninfectious inflammatory lung diseasesthe airspaces, vasculature, and interstitium fig. Pneumoconiosis is the term used for the diseases associated with inhaling mineral dusts. Occupational lung diseases radiology linkedin slideshare. This report provides members of these communities with much needed health information that can be used in the fight against lung disease and risk factors that cause or contribute.
642 556 219 402 632 395 1431 1369 1045 267 991 376 2 635 105 458 617 1395 1263 817 986 310 231 1284 627 750 542 665 782 287 1028 935 747 232 877 720 57 33 1373 1368